Question 1: A client with type 1 diabetes reports nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. What is the nurse’s priority action?
Rationale: Checking blood glucose and ketone levels helps identify diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), a life-threatening complication requiring prompt intervention.
Question 2: A nurse is teaching a client with type 2 diabetes about foot care. Which statement indicates a need for further teaching?
Rationale: Going barefoot increases the risk of injury and infection, which is dangerous for clients with diabetes due to impaired healing.
Question 3: A client with type 1 diabetes has a blood glucose level of 45 mg/dL and is conscious. What is the nurse’s priority intervention?
Rationale: Offering 15 grams of a simple carbohydrate is the appropriate intervention for conscious clients experiencing hypoglycemia.
Question 4: A nurse is preparing to administer insulin to a client with type 2 diabetes. What is the correct action when mixing regular insulin and NPH insulin?
Rationale: When mixing insulin, regular insulin should be drawn up first to avoid contaminating the vial of short-acting insulin with intermediate-acting insulin.
Question 5: A client with diabetes is undergoing surgery. Which intervention is most important to prevent perioperative complications?
Rationale: Monitoring blood glucose levels closely helps prevent hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia, both of which can cause complications during surgery.
